ISEE Upper Level · Math sections

Mathing Playbook

Study by test section ↓

Every math topic on the test, how to recognize it, the fastest way in, and worked examples you can try against the clock. Rate each topic honestly. The ones marked "Not yet" become your practice list.

QR · Section 2
37 questions / 35 min

Quantitative Reasoning. Word problems plus Column A vs. Column B comparisons. Rewards logic and estimating. About 57 seconds each.

MA · Section 4
47 questions / 40 min

Mathematics Achievement. Closer to school math: compute, solve, apply a formula. About 51 seconds each.

Ground rules
0 calculators

No formula sheet. No guessing penalty, so every bubble gets filled. You're compared only with students applying to your same grade.

Your test

You can take the ISEE once per testing season: Fall (Aug–Nov), Winter (Dec–Mar), and Spring/Summer (Apr–Jul). After a fall test, the next chance is in December. Register through ERB.

Test-day checklist

Pack the night before

  • Your printed Verification Letter. You show it at check-in.
  • A photo ID. Upper Level students need one.
  • 4 sharpened #2 or HB pencils and 4 erasers
  • 2 black or blue ballpoint pens for the essay
  • A snack and a drink for the break

Leave at home: phone, smartwatch, calculator, books, rulers.

The morning of

  • Eat a real breakfast.
  • Get there early. Your check-in time is on the Verification Letter, and nobody can check in after testing starts.
  • Feeling jumpy is normal. That's your body getting ready, not a sign something's wrong. Tell yourself “I'm ready,” not “calm down.”
  • Before each section, take two slow breaths, then start with questions you know.
  • Stuck? Circle it, guess, move on. Every bubble gets filled.

Packing list from ERB's ISEE Quick Facts guide. Check your Verification Letter for anything specific to your test site.

Start here

Study by test section

One category at a time. Pick a test section, then tap a category. Everything else steps aside so you can go deep on that one thing, one topic at a time.

ISEE category

Flagged: I don't get this yet 0
How many reps is enough?

Rule of Thumb

There's no official number. What the research on learning does show clearly: practice spread over several days beats the same amount crammed into one, and answering from memory beats rereading or watching. So count reps and the number of different days.

The short answer
20–30 problems per topic, over 3–4 different days

Plus 4–6 full timed sections before test day.

5–8

Learn

Untimed. Walkthrough open. Goal: understand why the fastest move works.

10–15

Practice

Timer on, walkthrough closed. Mix in other topics so you have to recognize which one it is.

5

Prove it

A few days later. Cold and timed, with no warm-up on that topic first.

When can I mark it “Got it”?
3 right in a row+under the target time+on 2 different days

One good night isn't enough. That's often short-term memory. The second day proves it stuck.

Full timed sections: 4–6

  • Space them about a week apart.
  • Use ERB's official guide for at least one.
  • The last one about a week before the test, not the night before.
  • They build pacing and stamina that single topics can't.

What that adds up to

About 700 problems across every topic. Spread over the weeks you have:

WEEKS LEFTPROBLEMS / DAYABOUT
101015 min
81320 min
61725 min
42540 min

Starting early matters more than any one long session.

The loop, every week
1

Evaluate

Take a timed section. Sort every miss into one of the three types below.

2

Plan

Rate topics. Not yet and Shaky get the most reps. Got it gets one quick check a week.

3

Practice

Learn → Practice → Prove it, spread across days.

4

Review

Retake a timed section. The miss list should shrink. Same topic keeps coming back? Change the approach, not just the reps.

Didn't know it

A content gap. Fix: open that topic card and do the Learn reps.

Knew it, slipped

Answered a different question, misread, or picked the trap. Fix: underline what's asked, check the red flags.

Ran out of time

Blanks at the end, or stuck too long. Fix: circle-and-move-on at one minute, and bubble every blank before time is called.

Before you search YouTube

Stay inside the fence

Every topic card has a "Try more" link to the right Khan Academy course. Those courses stop at the right level. If a video or lesson title has any of the red words below, it's harder than the ISEE asks for. Close it and go back to the card.

IN RANGE6th, 7th, 8th grade math · Get ready for Algebra 1 · Algebra 1 basics · Get ready for Geometry
RARE, OKBasic sine, cosine, tangent in a right triangle (SOH-CAH-TOA) · expected value
TOO FARAlgebra 2 · Precalculus · Calculus · unit circle · trig identities · law of sines · logarithms · "rational exponents"
Real ISEE-style practice
Use on every question

How to attack any problem

Go down the ladder. Stop at the first "yes" and use that move. This takes about five seconds once it's a habit.

1
Underline what they're asking for.The value of x, or 2x? Minutes or hours? Area or perimeter? Most lost points start here.
2
Is it Column A vs. Column B?Only in QR.
YES →
Simplify, then test numbersCancel what's the same on both sides. Then try 0, 1, −1, ½, and a big number. Try it in the lab further down.
3
Are there letters in the answer choices?e.g. "Which equals 3(n + 2) − n?"
YES →
Pick your own numbersLet n = 2. Get a number. Plug n = 2 into each choice and keep the one that matches.
4
Are the answers plain numbers, and it asks for one value?"How old is Sam?" "What is x?"
YES →
Work backwards from the answersStart with a middle choice. Too big? Go smaller. Too small? Go bigger. Usually 2 tries.
5
Are the answer choices far apart?e.g. 12, 45, 190, 850
YES →
EstimateRound to easy numbers. You only need to be close enough to pick one.
6
None of the above?
THEN →
Cross out, then solveRemove impossible answers first (see the red flags below), then set it up and solve it straight.
7
Stuck after about 3 steps, or past one minute?Circle it in the booklet, bubble your best guess, move on. Come back if time is left. One hard question is worth the same as one easy one.
Order of operations, done by hand

Box the chunks

PEMDAS is something you do, not something you recite. Box every × and ÷ chunk first. Plus and minus are walls: nothing crosses a wall until every box is done. Then tap each step in order.

Use numbers, + − × ÷, ( ), and ^ for powers (2^3). On a keyboard, * and / work too. For a fraction bar, put the top and the bottom in parentheses: (15 × 14) ÷ (10 × 21).

    Pace timer
    Your progress

    Where you stand

    Every rating and practice answer you give lands here. Tap anything on your practice list to go straight to it.

    The full topic list

    Every topic, mapped to its section

    One topic at a time: finish it, then tap "Next topic" (or jump with the list). Each card shows what the topic looks like on the test, so you can spot it. Open "See it in action" to try real-style questions one at a time with a pace timer. If you miss one, the walkthrough opens up. Then rate yourself: Got it, Shaky, or Not yet.

    Where the Math Achievement points are (about 47 questions)
    Algebra
    13–17
    Data & Probability
    8–13
    Numbers & Operations
    5–11
    Geometry
    5–8
    Measurement
    5–8

    Each bar shows the likely range of questions out of 47. Algebra is the biggest slice, so Algebra gaps cost the most. These are estimates from Test Ninjas' analysis of practice exams, not official ERB numbers.

    Practice list

    Section labels show where a topic usually shows up. Any topic can appear in either section. The pace bar's yellow target is a goal for that question type; the red line is one minute, the "circle it and move on" point.

    QR only · about half the section

    Column A vs. Column B lab

    Pick a problem, then tap test numbers. Watch for the moment the winner flips. A flip means the answer is (D).

    COLUMN A
    COLUMN B
    xCOLUMN ACOLUMN BBIGGER
    (A) Column A is greater
    (B) Column B is greater
    (C) They are equal
    (D) Can't be determined

    Two rules: if both columns are plain numbers with no letters, the answer can never be (D). And never multiply or divide both columns by something that might be negative or zero.

    Cross these out before you compute

    Red flags: answers that can't be right

    Each one takes a second to spot. Crossing out even one wrong answer makes a guess much better.

    Averages: mean, median, mode, range

    Stats questions have the most crossable answers on the test.

    Mean outside the range

    70, 80, 95 → 98 65 81⅔

    The mean always sits between the smallest and largest numbers. Anything outside is wrong.

    Median that isn't in the middle

    2, 5, 9, 14, 30 → 12 14 9

    Sort first. With an odd count, the median is one of the numbers in the list. With an even count, it's halfway between the middle two.

    Mode that isn't in the list

    4, 6, 6, 9 → 5 6.25 6

    The mode is the number that shows up most, so it has to be one of the numbers you were given.

    The outlier moves the mean, not the median

    10, 12, 14, 100 → mean 34 · median 13

    One huge or tiny number drags the mean (and the range) a lot. The median barely moves. “Which changes most?” is usually the mean or range.

    Weighted average leans to the bigger group

    10 kids avg 80, 30 kids avg 90 → 85 91 87.5

    The answer is between the two averages and closer to the larger group. So 85 (the plain middle) and anything over 90 are out.

    Adding a number: which way?

    mean 8, add 20 → mean goes down

    A new number above the mean pulls it up. Below the mean pulls it down. Equal to the mean leaves it the same.

    Evenly spaced? Mean = median

    11, 13, 15, 17, 19 → mean 15

    For numbers that go up by the same step, the mean is just the middle number. No adding needed.

    Numbers & sizes

    Ask “bigger or smaller?” before you compute.

    Impossible sizes

    area −12probability 4/3150% of the class

    Lengths and areas are positive. Probability is between 0 and 1. A part can't be more than the whole.

    Wrong direction

    price after a discount → higher than before

    Decide which way the answer should move before you do any math.

    Fractions between 0 and 1 act backwards

    (½)² = ¼ · √¼ = ½ · 6 ÷ ½ = 12

    Squaring makes them smaller. Square roots make them bigger. Dividing by them makes the answer bigger.

    A percent of a percent shrinks

    50% of 40% → 90% 45% 20%

    Taking a part of a part is smaller than either part.

    Plus and minus are walls

    9 + 5 × (6 + 4) → 140 59 · 20 − 5 × 8 → 120 −20

    If you combined the two numbers on either side of a + or − before doing the × next to them, the answer is wrong. Box the × chunks first.

    Multiplying rules don't work on + and −

    2² + 2⁵ = 2⁷ · (x − 4)/(x + 4) = x/x · 5² − 3² = 2²

    Add exponents only when you multiply. Cancel only things that are multiplied. Square, then subtract: 25 − 9 = 16, not (5 − 3)² = 4.

    Subtracting a tiny number barely changes it

    6.8 × 10⁸ − 3.1 × 10⁶ → 3.7 × 10¹⁴ 6.8 × 10⁸

    Taking away a number 100 times smaller can't make the answer bigger, or much smaller.

    A negative squared is positive

    (−3)² → −9 9

    Any choice where an even power of a negative came out negative is wrong.

    Odd / even check

    odd × odd = odd · even × anything = even

    If the answer must be even, every odd choice is out.

    Last-digit check

    47 × 23: 7 × 3 = 21 → 1081

    Multiply only the last digits. Any choice with a different last digit is wrong.

    Geometry

    Shapes have limits. Use them.

    Hypotenuse too short or too long

    legs 6 and 8 → 7 14 10

    The long side is longer than each leg but shorter than the two legs added together.

    Third side out of range

    sides 4 and 9 → 5 14 10

    A triangle's third side must be more than the difference (9 − 4) and less than the sum (9 + 4).

    Angles that don't fit

    triangle angle → 180° 190°

    Each triangle angle is under 180°, and the biggest angle sits across from the longest side.

    Area scaled like length

    sides × 2 → area × 2 × 4

    Area grows by the square of the scale. Volume grows by the cube.

    “Not drawn to scale”

    looks like 90° ≠ is 90°

    When it says not to scale, don't trust your eyes. When it doesn't say that, eyeballing a length is fair.

    Rates, probability & counting

    Common sense rules out half the choices.

    Together is faster than the fastest

    3 hrs alone + 6 hrs alone → 4.5 9 2

    Two people or pipes working together always beat the faster one alone.

    Average speed isn't the average of speeds

    2 hrs at 30, 1 hr at 60 → 45 40

    Use total distance ÷ total time. The answer leans toward the speed you spent longer at.

    “And” shrinks, “or” grows

    P(A) = ½, P(B) = ⅓ → P(both) ⅚

    The chance of both happening is smaller than either one. The chance of either happening is bigger than each.

    Order doesn't matter → fewer

    pairs from 5 people → 20 10

    Choosing a group gives fewer ways than lining people up in order.

    Test-writer traps

    Wrong answers built on purpose.

    The “halfway” answer

    asked for 2x, choice shows x

    The result of your first step is often a choice. If a hard question felt instant, reread what was asked.

    Numbers copied from the question

    remainder 3 in the question → 3 in the choices

    A choice that just repeats a number from the problem is rarely right.

    Wrong units

    asked in hours, worked in minutes → 90 1.5

    Check the units in the question before you bubble.

    The test won't define these

    Words the test assumes you know

    Many misses come from one word, not the math. If a word below isn't instant, that's the fix.

    Numbers

    What kind of number is it?

    Integer

    …, −2, −1, 0, 1, 2, …

    Whole numbers and their negatives. No fractions or decimals. Whole numbers start at 0.

    Rational / irrational

    ¾, −5, 0.2 · √2, π

    Rational can be written as a fraction of integers. Irrational can't: its decimal never ends or repeats.

    Factor / multiple

    factors of 12: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12 · multiples: 12, 24, 36

    Factors divide into the number evenly. Multiples are what you get by multiplying it.

    Prime

    2, 3, 5, 7, 11 · 1 9

    Exactly two factors: 1 and itself. 1 is not prime, and 2 is the only even prime.

    Sum, difference, product, quotient

    + · − · × · ÷

    The answers to adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing.

    Reciprocal

    ⅔ → 3/2 · 5 → ⅕

    Flip the fraction. A number times its reciprocal is 1.

    Consecutive

    7, 8, 9 · even: 4, 6, 8

    In a row with no gaps. Consecutive even or odd numbers go up by 2.

    Algebra

    The parts of an expression.

    Variable, coefficient, constant

    in 7x + 3: x · 7 · 3

    The letter is the variable. The number multiplying it is the coefficient. The number standing alone is the constant.

    Like terms

    3x and 5x ✓ · 3x and 3x² like

    Same letter with the same power. Only like terms can be combined.

    Expression vs. equation

    2x + 1 · 2x + 1 = 9

    An expression has no equals sign, so you simplify or evaluate it. An equation has one, so you solve it.

    Function

    f(x) = 2x + 1 → f(3) = 7

    A rule that gives exactly one output for each input. f(3) means “put 3 in for x.”

    Geometry

    Shapes and how they relate.

    Congruent vs. similar

    congruent ≅ same size · similar ~ same shape

    Congruent figures match exactly. Similar figures have the same shape and angles, but sizes can differ.

    Perimeter, area, volume

    cm · cm² · cm³

    Distance around, space covered inside, space filled in 3D. The units tell you which one.

    Radius, diameter, circumference

    d = 2r · C = πd

    Center to edge, edge to edge through the center, and the distance around.

    Parallel / perpendicular

    never meet · meet at 90°

    Parallel lines have the same slope. Perpendicular slopes multiply to −1.

    Complementary / supplementary

    add to 90° · add to 180°

    Memory hook: C comes before S, and 90 comes before 180.

    Regular polygon

    equal sides and equal angles

    A square is a regular quadrilateral. A rectangle that isn't square isn't regular.

    Line of symmetry

    square: 4 · rectangle: 2

    A fold line where both halves match exactly.

    Vertex, edge, face

    a cube: 8 · 12 · 6

    Corner, side line, flat surface. Vertices is the plural of vertex.

    Data & probability

    What the graph or set is telling you.

    Quartiles & IQR

    Q1 · median · Q3 → IQR = Q3 − Q1

    Quartiles cut sorted data into four equal groups. The IQR is the spread of the middle half, the box on a box plot.

    Outlier

    10, 12, 14, 100

    A value far from the rest. It pulls the mean and range, but barely moves the median.

    Standard deviation

    5, 5, 5 → 0 · 1, 5, 9 → bigger

    How spread out the values are from the mean. Bigger means more spread.

    Correlation

    rising ↗ positive · falling ↘ negative

    How two things move together on a scatter plot. Scattered points with no pattern mean no correlation.

    Independent events

    coin flip, then a die

    One doesn't change the other's chance, so multiply. Drawing without replacement is not independent.

    Sample

    survey 50 of 500 students

    A smaller group that stands in for the whole. A fair sample is chosen at random, not just from one club or class.

    No formula sheet is given

    Write these in the margin before you start

    Spend the first 30 seconds of the math sections copying the ones you tend to forget. Then they're in front of you the whole time. Rate each one, and open “See it in action” for a quick question that uses it.

    lwA = l·w · P = 2l + 2wRectangle
    hbA = ½·b·hTriangle. Height meets the base at a right angle.
    b₁b₂A = ½(b₁ + b₂)·hTrapezoid. Average the two parallel sides, times height.
    rA = πr² · C = 2πrCircle. Arc or sector = (angle ÷ 360) × the whole.
    abca² + b² = c²Right triangles only. Know by heart: 3-4-5, 5-12-13, 8-15-17, 7-24-25 (and multiples like 6-8-10).
    xxx√2x√3x2x45-45-90 · 30-60-90Sides x : x : x√2 and x : x√3 : 2x.
    V = l·w·hBox. Surface area = add the area of all 6 faces.
    Cylinder V = πr²hCone V = ⅓πr²h, one-third of the matching cylinder.
    riserunm = (y₂ − y₁) ÷ (x₂ − x₁)y = mx + b. b is where the line crosses the y-axis.
    n sidesAngle sum = (n − 2)·180°Triangle 180°, square 360°, pentagon 540°, hexagon 720°. One angle of a regular shape = total ÷ n: 108° pentagon, 120° hexagon, 135° octagon.
    Sum = average × countThe single most useful stats fact on the test.
    d = r·tdistance = rate × timeWork: (1 ÷ time) for each person, then add the rates.
    hbA = b·hParallelogram. Use the straight-up height, never the slanted side.
    SA = 2(lw + lh + wh)Box surface area: every pair of matching faces. Cube: V = s³, SA = 6s². Surface area is square units; volume is cubic.
    rV = ⁴⁄₃πr³ · SA = 4πr²Sphere. The formulas students forget most, so say them out loud once a day.
    xx180−xVertical = equal · Line = 180°Supplementary angles add to 180°, complementary to 90°. Vertical angles (across an X) are equal.
    midMidpoint = (avg x, avg y)Distance = √[(x₂ − x₁)² + (y₂ − y₁)²]. It's the Pythagorean theorem on a grid: sketch the triangle.
    m−1/mParallel: same m · Perpendicular: −1/mPerpendicular slopes flip and change sign: 4 → −¼. Horizontal line slope 0; vertical line undefined.
    Speed moves

    Five tricks that save the most time

    1. Start percent problems at 100

      Up 20%, then down 20%? 100 → 120 → 96 Net change: down 4%, not 0%
    2. Average → total

      4 tests average 85. What's needed on test 5 to average 87? need 5 × 87 = 435 have 4 × 85 = 340 → need 95
    3. Pick numbers for letters

      x is odd, y is even. Which is odd? let x = 3, y = 2 x + y = 5 ✓ xy = 6 ✗ 2x = 6 ✗
    4. Backsolve from the middle

      Sam is 3× Ana. In 5 yrs, 2× Ana. Ana now? (A) 3 (B) 5 (C) 7 (D) 9 try 5: Sam 15 → in 5 yrs 20 and 10 20 = 2 × 10 ✓ Answer (B)
    5. Make a fraction friendlier

      Compare 7/9 and 0.8 7/9 is 2/9 away from 1 0.8 is 1/5 away from 1 2/9 > 1/5, so 7/9 is smaller
    Your toolkit

    Moves that work on every question

    Each one opens on its own page. Learn one, use it in your topics for a few days, then come back for the next.